液體的密度 密度-單位體積液體質(zhì)量 ρ=m/vkg/m3 密度隨溫度或壓力而變化,但變化不大,通常被忽視 粘性的物理本質(zhì) 當(dāng)液體在外力作用下流動(dòng)時(shí),由于液體分子之間的內(nèi)聚力和液體分子與間的附著力稱為粘度. 或:流動(dòng)液體流層之間的內(nèi)部摩擦阻力。
內(nèi)摩擦力表達(dá)式 F=μAdu/dy 因?yàn)楫?dāng)液體靜止時(shí),du/dy=因此,靜態(tài)液體沒有粘性 牛頓液體中摩擦定律液層之間的內(nèi)摩擦與液層的接觸 面積及液層之間的速度成正比 粘度:物理測(cè)量動(dòng)液壓柱塞馬達(dá)力粘度μ 公式:∵τ=F/A=μ·du/dy(N/m2) ∴μ=τ·dy/du(N·s/m2) 當(dāng)動(dòng)液在單位速度梯度下流動(dòng)時(shí), 接觸液層間單位面積上內(nèi)摩擦力。
運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度物理意義:無(wú)(只是因?yàn)棣?ρ在流體力學(xué)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn) ,所以用ν代替(μ/ρ) 運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度單位: SI制:m2/S CGS制:St(斯)(Cm2/S)、CSt(厘斯)(mm2/S) 換算關(guān)系:1m2/S=104St=106CSt 運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度單位說明:因?yàn)閱挝恢兄挥虚L(zhǎng)度和時(shí)間量綱類似液壓柱塞馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)量。
所以稱運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度,常用于液壓油牌號(hào)標(biāo)注 液壓油牌號(hào)標(biāo)注 老牌號(hào)——20號(hào)液壓油,指這種油在50°C時(shí)的平均運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度為20cst 新牌號(hào)——L—HL32號(hào)液壓油,指這種油在40°C時(shí)的平均運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度為32cst。
相對(duì)粘度0E 因?yàn)棣獭ⅵ筒灰字苯訙y(cè)量,只用于理論計(jì)算,所以常用相對(duì)粘度 相對(duì)粘度(條件粘度) 恩氏度0E——中國(guó)、德國(guó)、前蘇聯(lián)等用 賽氏秒SSU——美國(guó)用 雷氏秒R——英國(guó)用 巴氏度0B——法國(guó)用 恩氏粘度與運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度之間的轉(zhuǎn)液壓柱塞馬達(dá)換關(guān)系:ν=(7.310E-6.31/0E)×10-6液體的可壓縮性定義:液體在壓力作用下體積減少 液體的體積壓縮系數(shù)定義:體積為v的液體,當(dāng)壓力增大 △p時(shí),體積減小△v,則液體在單位壓力變化下體積的相對(duì)變化量。
液體的體積壓縮系數(shù)公式:κ=-△v/△pvκ=(5-7)x10-10m2/N 液體體積壓縮系數(shù)物理意義單位壓力引起液體體積變化 因?yàn)閜↑v↓,所以為保證κ為正值,式中須加負(fù)號(hào) 液體體積彈性模數(shù)定義:液體壓縮系數(shù)倒數(shù)液體體積彈性模數(shù)公式:k=1/κ=-△pv/△v 體積彈性模數(shù)物理意義 液壓柱塞馬達(dá) 表示單位體積相對(duì)變化所需的壓力增量,即液體抗壓能力的尺寸。
一般認(rèn)為油液不可壓縮(因壓縮性很?。?,計(jì)算時(shí)取:k=(1、4-1、9)*109N/m2若分析動(dòng)態(tài)特性或p變化很大的高壓系統(tǒng),則必須考慮 液體的其它性質(zhì) 1、粘度和壓力的關(guān)系 因?yàn)镻↑,F(xiàn)↑,μ↑,所以μ隨p↑而↑,壓力較小時(shí)忽略,32Mpa以上才考慮 2.粘度和溫度的相互關(guān)系 因?yàn)闇囟取?,?nèi)聚力↓,μ↓,所以粘度隨溫度變化的關(guān)系叫粘溫特性,粘度隨溫度的變化較小,即粘溫特性較好。
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90L055KA1NN80P3T1C03GBA262624 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-P-4-S1-C-03-GBA-17-17-24 90L055KA1NN80P4S1C03GBA171724 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-P-4-S1-C-03-GBA-32-32-24 90L055KA1NN80P4S1C03GBA32322液壓柱塞馬達(dá)4 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-P-4-S1-C-03-GBA-35-35-24 90L055KA1NN80P4S1C03GBA353524 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-3-S1-B-03-GBA-42-42-24 90L055KA1NN80R3S1B03GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-3-S1-C-03-GBA-29-29-20 90L055KA1NN80R3S1C03GBA292920 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-3-S1-C-03-GBA-29-29液壓柱塞馬達(dá)-24 90L055KA1NN80R3S1C03GBA292924 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-3-S1-C-03-GBA-42-42-24 90L055KA1NN80R3S1C03GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-3-S1-D-02-GBA-29-29-24 90L055KA1NN80R3S1D02GBA292924 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-4-S1-C-03-GBA-26-26-24 90L055KA1NN80R4S1C03GBA262624 90-L-055-液壓柱塞馬達(dá)KA-1-NN-80-R-4-S1-C-03-GBA-29-29-24 90L055KA1NN80R4S1C03GBA292924 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-4-S1-C-03-GBA-35-35-20 90L055KA1NN80R4S1C03GBA353520 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-4-S1-C-03-GBA-42-42-24 90L055KA1NN80R4S1C03GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-R-4-S1-D-02-GBA-29-29-24 90L055KA1NN80R4液壓柱塞馬達(dá)S1D02GBA292924 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-3-C6-C-03-GBA-42-42-24 90L055KA1NN80S3C6C03GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-3-S1-C-02-GBA-42-42-24 90L055KA1NN80S3S1C02GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-3-S1-C-03-GBA-35-35-24 90L055KA1NN80S3S1C03GBA353524 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-3-S1-C液壓柱塞馬達(dá)-03-GBA-38-38-20 90L055KA1NN80S3S1C03GBA383820 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-3-S1-C-03-GBA-38-38-24 90L055KA1NN80S3S1C03GBA383824 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-4-S1-C-00-EBC-35-35-24 90L055KA1NN80S4S1C00EBC353524 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-4-S1-C-00-GBA-35-35-24 90L055KA1NN80S4S1C00GBA353524 液壓柱塞馬達(dá) 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-4-S1-C-00-GBA-42-42-24 90L055KA1NN80S4S1C00GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-4-S1-C-03-GBA-35-35-24 90L055KA1NN80S4S1C03GBA353524 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-4-S1-C-03-GBA-38-38-24 90L055KA1NN80S4S1C03GBA383824 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-80-S-4-S1-C-03-GBA-42-42-24 90液壓柱塞馬達(dá)L055KA1NN80S4S1C03GBA424224 90-L-055-KA-1-NN-81-P-3-S1-C-03-GBA-35-35-20 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